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- 2 Sheetssnm 1. J. M..FARMER. MORTISING MACHINE.

No. 468,4'7. Patented Feb.9,1892.

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(No Model.) l 2 sheetssheen 2. M J.. M. FARMER. MORTISING MACHINE.

No. 468,417. Patented Feb. 9, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JULIUS M. FARMER, OF MILVAUKEE, VISOONSIN, ASSIGNOR OF 'lWVO-'FHIRDS TO MANNING Il. OASE, OF SAME PLACE.

MoRTiSiNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 468,417, dated February 9, 1892. 'Application tiled January l2, 1891. Serial No. 377,432I (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULIUS M. FARMER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee, and

in the State of lVseonsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mortising-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

1o My invention consists in certain peculiarities of construction and combination of parts to be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings and subsequently claimed.

I5 In the drawings, Figure l represents a side elevation of my machine with parts broken away; Fig. 2, a rear elevation, partly in section,on line 2 2 of the preceding iigure; Fig. 3, a detail elevation, partly in section, on line zo 3 3 of Fig. 5; Fig. et, a section on line -l 4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a horizontal section on line 5 5 of Fig. l; Fig. 6, a similar View on line 6 6 of Fig. 3; Fig. 7, a like view on line 7 7 of Fig.2; and Fig. 8 a detail View of an auger and set of chisels employed in my machine, these parts being shown in an inverted position.

Referring by letter to the drawings, A represents a base-board having a recessed forward portion provided at the sides -with 3o slotted sernieircular plates B, the slots Z) in these plates being engaged by screw-threaded studs c, that project from the sides of a frame C, the latter being hinged to the base-board, and by means of set-nuts d on the studs the 3 5 frame may be held in any position to which it may be adjusted on its hinges. Tracks e are secured to the rear edges of the frame C and engage with lateral ears f on la carriage D, the latter being provided with bearings g 4o for a shaft E, that has cranks F at its ends. At its upper end the carriage D is centrally provided with a spring-latch G., that hooks over a `plate 7L on the cross-piece h of the frame C to normally suspend said carriage.

4 5 Gast in one piece with the carriage D is a head H, having four vertical slots t arranged at regular intervals apart, and said carriage and head are centrally provided with bearings for a spindle I, that has a miter-wheel J 5o on its upper end, this wheel being in mesh with another such wheel K on the shaft E, the

lower end of the spindlebeing socketed to receive the shankj of an auger L, as is best illustrated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. Just above the head H the spindle I is recessed, as shown at 7s, and surrounding this recessed portion of said spindle is a cani M, having a recess m in its bore. A dog N is inserted iu the recess 7c of the spindle against a spring n, and the earn M being positioned the spring 6o acts to throw one end of the dog into the recess m of said cam when both recesses come into register. This result being accomplished, the cam will move in one direction with the spindle; but a reverse movement of said spindie causes the dog-Nte be forced back against its spring n out of engagement with said cam and the latter remains stationary while this reverse movement is continued. In other words, the cam M is only rotated when the 7o auger L is boring. As shown, the cam has two inclined faces p, and from the highest point of one face to the lowest point of the other there is a vertical drop q, as best illustrated in Fig. 2.

Four right-angled chisels P form a hollow square about the auger L, and the shanks r of these chisels extend up through guideopenings in the head H, these openings being in line with the slots /i in said head, and the 8o upper ends of the chisel-Shanks are provided with recesses s, that engage the cam M, above described.

Fast on the chisel-Shanks r within the slots t of the head I-I are blocks t, and surround- S5 ing said chisel-Shanks above the blocks are strong spiral springs Q, the latter being coinpressed when the cam M lifts on the aforesaid chisel-shanks. There being two faces on the cam, the chisels P are lifted in pairs, and 9o just prior to the time that said cam has iinished its lift on one pair of said chisels it begins to lift on the other pair. At the moment the cam-faces pass away from the Shanks of the chisels the latter are shot down with considerable force bythe expansion of the springs Q, above described.

It has been found preferable to connect the blocks t on each chisel-shank with the upper portion of the head H by means of a toggled roo joint R, the sections of the latter forming an angle to eachother when said shank is lifted; but when the chisel is shot down by the expansion of its spring said toggle-joint straightens out. The length of each togglejoint is such that the block connected therewith is prevented from striking against the lower end of the coincident slot rin the head II, and thus the machine is practically noiseless in its operation.

Secured to the head H are fiat springs o,

impinged against the toggle-joints R, andA these springs being normally under compression said toggle-joints are forced outward when the chisels begin to rise, this being a guard against any sticking of the aforesaid toggle-joints. The lower portion'of the auger L is in advance of the chisels P, and extended laterally from this lower portion of said auger are spurs w, that make a spiral cut in the wood outward from the hole bored by the aforesaid auger. The wood being thus cut, the angularcorners thereof between the auger-hole and the chisels will come away in chips as said chisels are actuated, and consequently the Work is made easier than would be the case were the spurs w omitted.

As shown in Fig. 2, I prefer to provide at least one of the chisels with a scale, and thus the operator is able to tell at any time just how deep the hole in the wood has beencut.

In the general operation of my machine the carriage is nnlatched from the cross-piece h of the frame C and lowered until the auger L comes into contact with the wood to` be operated upon. The cranks F being turned'in the proper direction, the auger L and the cam M are locked together by the dog N and simultaneously rotated. The action of the auger being followed by that of the chisels'P in the manner above described, a rectangular opening is cut in the wood to the required depth, the chips being carried up and dischargedbetween the shanks of `said chisels.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A mortising-machine comprising a reciprocative and verticallyfslotted head, a rotary spindle having bearings in the head, an auger fitted in the spindle, a lifting-cam carried on said spindle, chisels inclosing the auger and having notched Shanks engaging the cam,blocks fast on the chisel-Shanks but loose on the head-slots, and springs surrounding said chisel-Shanks between the blocks and upper portion of the head in opposition to the lift of said cam, substantially as set forth.

2. A mortising-machine comprising a reciprocative head, a rotary spindle having bearings on the head, an auger fitted to the spindle and provided with lateral spurs adjacent toits point, a lifting-cam carried on. said spindle, chisels inclosing the auger and having notched shanks engaging the cam, and springs suppported on the chisel-Shanks in opposition to the lift of said cam, substantially as set forth.

3. A mortising -machine comprising a reciprocative head, a rotary spindle having.,` bearings in the head and provided with a recess, a lifting-cam arranged on the spindle and having a'recess in its bore, a spring-controlled dog arranged in the spindle-recess to normally engage the recess in the cam, an auger fitted in said spindle, and chisels inclosing the auger and having springcontrolled and notched shanks engaging said cam, substantially as set forth.

4. A mortising-machine comprising a slotted traveling head, an auger having its spindle arranged in bearings in the head, chisels inclosing the auger and having Shanks loose in said head, blocks fast on the chisel-Shanks within the head-slots, springs arranged on said shanks above the blocks, toggle-joints connecting said blocks and head, and suitable means for rotating said auger and for lifting the chisels to a certain height against the springs, substantially as set forth.

5. A mortising-rnachine comprising a slotted traveling head, an auger having its spindle arranged in bearings in the head, chisels inclosing the auger and having Shanks loose in said head, blocks fast on the chisel-Shanks within the head-slots, springs arranged on said Shanks above the blocks, spring-,con-

trolled toggle-joints connecting said blocks and head, and suitable means for rotating said auger and for lifting the chisels a certain height against the springs, substantially as set forth. In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand, at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wrisconsin, in the presence of two witnesses.

JULIUS M. FARMER.

Witnesses:

N. E. OLIPHANT, WM. KLUG.

TOO 

